Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Malignant mixed sex cord-stromal tumour in a stallion.
- Journal:
- Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
- Year:
- 2004
- Authors:
- Zanghì, A et al.
- Affiliation:
- Department of Surgery and Theriogenology · Italy
- Species:
- horse
Plain-English summary
A 30-year-old Standardbred stallion was brought in because one side of his scrotum was swollen. After checking him with physical exams and an ultrasound, the veterinarian found that his left testis was enlarged and different in texture compared to the other one. The stallion had surgery to remove the affected testis, which was found to be unusually large and firm, containing a greyish-white mass that had replaced normal tissue. Further examination revealed that the mass was a type of cancer called a malignant mixed sex cord-stromal tumor, which had both Leydig and Sertoli cell components. The diagnosis was confirmed through various tests that showed specific markers in the tumor cells.
Abstract
A 30-year-old Standardbred stallion was examined for unilateral scrotal swelling. Physical and ultrasound examinations revealed a painless enlarged left testis with a non-homogeneous echogenicity, when compared with the controlateral testis. The stallion underwent left unilateral orchiectomy. Grossly, the excised testis was irregularly enlarged (12 x 9 x 9 cm; weight: 530 g) and firm. The sections showed that testicular parenchyma was replaced by a lobulated, greyish-white mass, which involved the epididymal head. At microscopy, a dual Leydig and Sertoli cell tumour component could be seen. Neoplastic Sertoli cells were prevalent and presented pleomorphic cells, mitotic figures and occasional vascular invasion. Tumour patterns showed tubular and solid areas, cord-like or diffuse in appearance, among which newly formed Leydig cell nests and low-density fibrillar bundles were interposed. Immunohistochemically, a weak to moderate immunostaining for vimentin, AE(1)/AE(3) cytokeratin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and CD99 antigens was found in the growing Sertoli cells, whose nuclear MIB-1 labelling index scored 13 +/- 2%. The Leydig tumour cells, on the other hand, displayed a moderate to strong positivity for alpha-inhibin, vimentin, AE(1)/AE(3) cytokeratin, neurone-specific enolase and CD99. On the basis of these findings, a diagnosis of malignant mixed sex cord-stromal tumour was made.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15367273/