The Neurobiology of Learning and Memory in Rodent Models of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.

Abstract

Exposure to ethanol during gestation can lead to the onset of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, which describes a range of neurodevelopmental and behavioral dysfunctions that include impairments in learning and memory and can have serious repercussions for scholastic performance during adolescence. The neurobiological basis of learning and memory dysfunction in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders has been frequently linked to the hippocampal formation, which is due in part to the fact that some hippocampal neurons, called place cells, fire action potentials correlated with an animal's spatial location as well as other features of memory episodes. The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of research investigating developmental alcohol exposure in rodent models and the impact on learning and memory, hippocampal circuitry, and neural representations of learning and memory. We conclude by highlighting areas in which more concentrated behavioral and neurobiological study is needed to expand and develop rodent models of memory dysfunction in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.