Tactile stimulation ameliorates haloperidol-induced movement disturbances in rats by promoting neuromodulation on dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in nigrostriatal brain area.

Abstract

The antipsychotic haloperidol (HAL) primarily antagonizes dopaminergic type-2 receptors. It is known that antipsychotic treatment are commonly related with extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), which involves movement disorders such as parkinsonism, akathisia and tardive dyskinesia. Tactile stimulation (TS) has been helpful in animal models of drug abuse and depression, raising our interest in evaluating its possible benefits on extrapyramidal HAL-induced side-effects in male adult rats. Subsequently to a sub-chronic model of EPS, TS reversed orofacial dyskinesia and movement impairments induced by HAL and promoted beneficial modulations on dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in nigrostriatal brain area. Given these outcomes, it is important to consider that: i) TS can help to control and/or reduce movement disorders consequent to antipsychotic treatment; ii) TS can help to better clarify the imbalanced of dopaminergic system haloperidol promotes. Based on our current and previous studies about the benefits of TS, we hypothesize that the TS may represent an important therapeutic target to treat neuromotor disorders originating in the nigrostriatal system.