Research note: Development of a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the detection of goose parvovirus.

Abstract

Goose parvovirus (GPV) remains a major pathogen in waterfowl production, threatening animal health and industry sustainability. In this study, a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay was developed for rapid and specific detection of GPV. The assay employed a primer‒probe system targeting the VP1 gene and operated under isothermal conditions at 40°C. Analytical sensitivity was determined using serial dilutions of plasmid DNA, establishing a detection limit of 3.0 × 10¹ copies/μL with high linearity (R² = 0.99). No cross-reactivity was observed with other common avian pathogens, confirming the specificity of the assay. Clinical validation using 53 field samples demonstrated 98.1 % overall agreement with real-time qPCR. This method requires minimal equipment and yields results within 20 min, making it more suitable for field applications than conventional PCR- or qPCR-based platforms. These findings indicate that the developed real-time RPA assay is a rapid, sensitive, and reliable diagnostic tool for GPV detection, with potential utility in epidemiological surveillance and disease control in waterfowl populations.