Prevention and Control of Canine Parvovirus

Abstract

Since its discovery in 1978, Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) has become one of the most life-threatening pathogens for dogs. The high mutation rate of CPV-2 has led to the rapid emergence of three main variants and widespread transmission. Therefore, the prevention and control of CPV is important. CPV vaccination is the mainstay for the prevention of the disease in dogs. However, the efficacy of vaccine can be undermined by the poor coverage and the maternally derived antibodies (MDAs). This article summarizes the current status of CPV prevention and control, including vaccines, methods of disinfection, diagnosis, and potential treatment, with a focus on vaccines. It outlines the development of vaccines, their efficacy, and drawbacks. The review also discusses the different methods for diagnosis of the disease and how to inactivate the virus in the environment using disinfectants. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CPV control to enhance public awareness of CPV.