Omega-3 Fatty Acids Attenuate LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Activation of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/NRF2/FOXO3 Signaling and Suppression of NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation.

Abstract

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) involves oxidative stress and inflammation. Omega-3 (OMG-3) fatty acids possess antioxidant properties, but their impact on the mitochondrial AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/NRF2/FOXO3 axis in AKI remains unclear.Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into Control, LPS (5 mg/kg), LPS + OMG-3 (500 mg/kg/day), and OMG-3 groups. Renal tissues were analyzed for histopathology, immunohistochemistry (,,), and gene expression (,,,).LPS caused severe tubular injury, increased,, andexpression, while significantly downregulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGPGC-1αRF2/FOXO3 signaling pathway. OMG-3 treatment alleviated histopathological damage, suppressed inflammatory and apoptotic markers, and restored the expression of mitochondrial and antioxidant genes.OMG-3 fatty acids protect against LPS-induced AKI by upregulating the gene expression of components in theaxis and suppressing NF-κB-driven inflammation. This dual regulation highlights OMG-3 as a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis-related renal injury.