Morphological and molecular characterization of Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) infecting edible marine fish in the Black Sea.

Abstract

The morphological and molecular identification of Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes in the Black Sea remains unresolved and incomplete. The aim of current study was to provide a detailed morphological identification with rDNA whole ITS (ITS‒1, 5.8S subunit, ITS‒2) and mtDNA cox2 sequences data of Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes infecting four commonly edible marine fish species, including European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus (L.), horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (L.), whiting, Merlangius merlangus (L.), and red mullet, Mullus barbatus ponticus (E.) in the Black Sea (FAO fishing area 37.4.2). Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes were morphologically classified, followed by whole ITS and cox2 sequencing. Four Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes, III, IV, VIII, and IX, are described based on morphological and molecular data. The present study provides the first study reporting whole ITS and cox2 sequences for Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes III, IV, VIII and III, IV, VIII, IX, respectively, in the Black Sea. Here, we offer a foundation for future research on the distribution, morphologic and molecular identification of Hysterothylacium larval morphotypes infecting edible some marine fish in the Black Sea.