Molecular detection of Chlamydia psittaci in wild birds, broiler chickens, and sheep in Egypt: a public health concern.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: is a neglected pathogen of global concern, characterized by significant zoonotic and spillover potential, posing considerable risks to public health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence ofin broiler chickens, wild resident birds, and sheep in Egypt using molecular detection and sequence analysis to explore possible zoonotic relevance. METHODS: A total of 230 oropharyngeal swabs were collected from apparently healthy animals, including broiler chickens ( = 100), resident wild birds ( = 80; hooded crows = 20, cattle egrets = 20, rock pigeons = 20, and laughing doves = 20), and sheep ( = 50). Genomic DNA was extracted and screened using PCR targeting thegenus-specific 16S rRNA   gene. Species identification ofwas confirmed by amplification of thegene. Moreover, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of thegene were performed. RESULTS: The overall prevalence ofwas 3.5% (8/230). Positive samples were identified in broiler chickens (5/100; 5%), hooded crows (1/20; 5%), rock pigeons (1/20; 5%), and sheep (1/50; 2%), while cattle egrets and laughing doves tested negative. Phylogenetic analysis of thegene sequence showed close clustering with previously reportedstrains from seabirds, confirming a strong genetic relationship. CONCLUSION: The detection ofin broiler chicken, wild birds, and sheep within the same geographic area highlights the potential circulation of this pathogen among multiple host species. These findings emphasize the importance of developing targeted surveillance systems and implementing One Health control strategies.