Molecular Characterization and Functional Effect on Canine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of an Uncharacterized Major Egg Antigen EGR-01664 from.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a globally distributed zoonosis triggered by the larval stage of(), impacting humans and an extensive array of mammalian intermediate hosts. EGR-01664 is the major egg antigen of, but almost nothing is currently known about the function of EGR-01664 from. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate theEGR-01664 gene (GenBank ID: 36337379), and the recombinant EGR-01664 protein was expressed successfully. Next, the transcription of the EGR-01664 gene across various developmental stages ofwas analyzed. Its spatial expression patterns in adult worms and protoscoleces were characterized using both quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunofluorescence assays. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effects of rEGR-01664 on cell proliferation, nitric oxide production, and cytokine secretion were examined by co-culturing the recombinant protein with canine PBMCs. RESULTS: The rEGR-01664 could be recognized by sera from dogs infected with. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) localization revealed the protein's presence in the epidermis of protoscoleces, the adult epidermis, and some parenchymal tissues. qPCR revealed that EGR-01664 mRNA levels were significantly higher in protoscoleces compared to adults (< 0.0001). At a concentration of 20 &#x3bc;g/mL, rEGR-01664 could significantly activate the transcription and expression of IL-10, TGF-&#x3b2;1, IL-17A, and Bax in canine PBMCs. However, with an increase in concentration, it inhibited the expression of IFN-&#x3b3;, Bcl-2, GSDMD, IL-18, and IL-1&#x3b2;. These results suggest that the EGR-01664 gene plays a crucial role in the development, parasitism, and reproduction ofIn vitro studies have shown that rEGR-01664 protein regulates the immune regulation function of canine PBMCs, suggesting its potential as a vaccine adjuvant or immunotherapy target. CONCLUSIONS: EGR-01664 may modulate canine PBMC functions to regulate host immune responses, thereby facilitating our understanding of howEGR-01664 contributes to the mechanism of parasitic immune evasion.