Implementing practical work experiences in a spectrum-of-care setting to complement curricular redesign and better prepare veterinary students for the clinical environment.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to demonstrate the educational effectiveness of a spectrum-of-care (SOC) preclinical training program including associated practical work experiences at The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine. METHODS: Doctor of Veterinary Medicine students (classes 2022 to 2025; n = 165/cohort) were purposefully trained to practice in a newly redesigned curriculum using an SOC approach with early practical work experiences in the Frank Stanton Veterinary Spectrum of Care Clinic from freshman year through to entry into full-time clinics. Educational program efficacy was critically evaluated by considering evidence at progressive levels of the Kirkpatrick Hierarchy or Four-Level Model. RESULTS: At the lowest level of the Kirkpatrick Hierarchy, there was evidence of student enjoyment during the Frank Stanton Veterinary Spectrum of Care Clinic work experiences, while the second and third levels showed learning of SOC knowledge and skills, along with observable changes in student behavior. At the highest level, employers provided evidence that new graduates demonstrated improvement in SOC skills as they practiced. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these hierarchy evidence levels indicate that SOC training and practical work experiences provided at The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine positively contributed to the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine training program and the preparation of more practice-ready veterinary graduates. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Purposeful SOC training with practical work experiences can help veterinary students and graduates to practice with more enjoyment, confidence, and competence, which may ultimately help ease workforce transition.