Genomics Insights intoCausing Infection in a Cat with Pyogranulomatous Dermatitis and Panniculitis.

Abstract

(homotypic synonym:) represents an ungrouped thermotolerant rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) species occasionally associated with infections and disease in humans. In this report, we describe a case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due toin an immunocompetent adult cat. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report ofinfection in animals. We also report the results of the in-depth genome characterization of the isolate using a combined short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) approach. We observed the lack of acquired-resistance genes and no evidence of mutations in housekeeping genes associated with resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid. We detected some virulence factors in our isolate, such as some associated with the interaction of mycobacteria with host cells, and the presence of multiple copies of heavy metal resistance genes (B,R, andL/L). In conclusion,should be included among the RGM species associated with feline subcutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis (SAM). A reliable and fast RGM laboratory identification and characterization is important not only for an accurate etiological diagnosis but also for a correct approach to SAM treatment options.