Effect of resveratrol on the renal cell morphology in acute restraint stress-induced male adult Wistar albino rat model, a pilot study.

Abstract

PURPOSE: The goal was to observe the microscopic picture of the kidney in acute restraint stress-induced male adult Wistar albino rat model and to study the beneficial effect of resveratrol (RSV) on it. METHODS: The rats were divided into three groups of six animals each, including control, experimental, and treatment groups. Stress was induced by keeping the rats immobilized in a rigid opaque plastic cylinder for 2 weeks, which restrained their movements. The treatment group received RSV orally 10 mg/kg body weight for two more weeks after the initial 2-week period of stress induction. The EGTI scoring system was considered to assess the renal injury. RESULTS: The kidneys of the stress-induced group exhibited congested and swollen glomeruli, increased cellularity, basement membrane thickness, and glomerular tuft retraction. There were interstitial edema, glomeruli puckering, and the Bowman's space extension. Renal tubules showed hyaline casts, granular degeneration, loss of brush border, and necrosis. Blood vessels were thickened, and the lumens were occluded. A few locations also revealed congested and dilated blood vessels. Interstitium showed focal aggregates of acute and chronic inflammation. Due to the stress, the EGTI renal injury score was seven (7/14). The treatment group revealed reversal of pathological changes observed at the glomerulus and convoluted tubules. CONCLUSION: According to this study, RSV appears to be nephroprotective as it reversed most of the pathological changes induced by the acute restraint stress. However, the treatment with RSV followed the withdrawal of stress which is a potential limitation of this study design. A better conclusion can be drawn if RSV and stress are parallelly administered.