Does the Ketogenic Diet Mediate Inflammation Markers in Obese and Overweight Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Abstract

<b>Background/Objectives.</b> The ketogenic diet has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for reducing inflammation. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to look into how a ketogenic diet affects inflammatory biomarkers in persons who are overweight or obese. <b>Methods</b>. We conducted an extensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to find pertinent studies reporting changes in inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and cytokines after a ketogenic diet. <b>Results.</b> Seven randomized controlled trials involving 218 overweight or obese individuals who followed a ketogenic or control diet over 8 weeks to 2 years were included in the review, and five of those were considered for the meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were CRP and IL-6 levels. The results reported significant decreases after treatment for CRP (mean of -0.62 mg/dL (95% CI: -0.84, -0,40), and a slight, but not statistically significant, reduction in IL-6 (mean of -1.31 pg/mL (95% CI: -2.86, 0.25). <b>Conclusions</b>. The ketogenic diet could contribute to modulating inflammation in obese and overweight subjects.