Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Acute infection of a total knee arthroplasty caused by Pasteurella multocida: a case report and a comprehensive review of the literature in the last 10 years.
- Journal:
- International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
- Year:
- 2010
- Authors:
- Heydemann, John et al.
- Affiliation:
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston · United States
Plain-English summary
This case report discusses an infection in a person's knee joint replacement caused by a bacteria called Pasteurella multocida, which is often linked to bites or scratches from cats or dogs. Typically, infections like this can lead to symptoms such as tenderness, swelling, and pus around the joint, and in people with weakened immune systems, it can become much more serious. The patient in this case was treated successfully with a specific type of antibiotic and underwent a surgical procedure to clean the joint and replace a part of the implant. The findings suggest that these infections usually happen after contact with an animal and require careful consideration for treatment. Overall, the treatment worked well for this patient.
Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) infection are most commonly due Staphylococcus aureus followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci, and streptococci, while gram-negative rods are seldom isolated.(1,3,4) In the last 20 years, cases of Pasteurella multocida TKA and total hip arthroplasty (THA) infection resulting from cat and dog bites, scratches, or licks have been published reporting varying presentations and treatment options. Most commonly, P. multocida infected arthroplasties result in local tenderness, cellulitis, and purulent discharge followed by regional adenopathy, and in immunocompromised patients it may progress to septicemia, meningitis, and septic arthritis.(5) Treatment antibiotics include penicillins or 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins, and surgical options involve one-stage, or two-stage revision arthroplasties.(6,9,17,19) We report a case of P. multocida TKA infection in a patient who was treated successfully with a 3rd generation cephalosporin, synovectomy and tibial interspacer exchange, along with a review of the literature published in the last 10 years. Our findings show that there is usually a history of exposure to the animal, early appearance of cat bite related infections, and multifactorial decision making for the treatment of P. multocida joint infections.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20116315/